Description: This paper presents basic data with regard to the decennial United States life tables for 1969-71, analyzes the data in comparison to previous U.S. life tables and compares mortality between the U.S. and Canada, England, and Sweden. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1976, Vol 28.

Description: This paper presents multiple book reviews: Reports from Staff of U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ways and Means and U.S. Senate Committee on Finance, Reports in Connection with Social Security Legislation 1975-77, 'Statement on Cost Comparisons of Individual Life Insurance Policies', by Canadian Institute of Actuaries, 'Investment Activities of Life Insurance Companies' from Huebner Foundation Lectures, 'The Life Insurance Industry's Marketing Dilemma' by Johns, 'The Future of Social Security' by Munnell, 'Social Security - Today and Tomorrow' by Ball, 'Mortality Table Construction' by Batten, 'Mortality Table Construction' by Batten, 'The Crisis in Social Security - Problems and Prospects' by Boskin, 'A History of Interest Rates' by Homer, 'Indexation of Pensions and Other Benefits' by Robert Myers, 'Life Insurance Accounting' by Strain, '1978 Annual Report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund...' by US Congress. Brief summaries of additional readings are also included.

Description: This paper describes the method of preparation of new mortality tables for the Soviet Union based on census data. A comparison of mortality and life expectancy between the Soviet Union, U.S. and Norway is presented. Doubts are raised about the quality of data from the Soviet Union at the highest ages.

Description: The Soviet Union recently released complete life tables for 1984-85. This paper compares the data in these life tables with those in the 1958-59 U.S.S.R. life tables and with those in U.S.A. life tables for comparable periods. Discussion is included.

Description: This paper presents an analysis of whether workers get their 'money's worth' from the taxes they pay under the U.S. Social Security program. The cash retirement benefits for various cases of workers who have attained age 65 in different years and at different earnings levels is explored. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1983, Vol. 35.

Description: This section presents book reviews and summarizes recent publications on subjects that include U.K. social insurance, financing of hospital care, state examinations of life companies, approximate valuation of life and health insurance, mortality forecasting, and valuing estate tax.

Description: The paper describes the various provisions of the new Soviet program - premium rates, pensionable ages, death benefits, withdrawal values, method of administration, and so on. This new program is intended to supplement the Soviet social security benefits.

Description: Provides a methodology for determining the value of the share of a particular individual in a joint and survivor annuity held by a trust.

Description: This is a discussion of the title paper by Robert M. Duncan which outlines the use of a contributory money purchase plan with death benefits, and investments in equities, to fund pensions. The approach is critiqued.

Description: The question is frequently raised: Do workers get their money's worth from the payroll taxes that they pay under the U.S. Social Security program? Analyses by nonactuaries are usually faulty because of incorrect methodology and/or incorrect assumptions. This paper presents an analysis of cash retirement benefits for various cases of workers at two earnings levels who attained age 65 and retired in the past and who will attain the normal retirement age and retire at several dates in the future. In summary, the vast majority of workers who retired in the past received, and are receiving, benefits of far greater value than the taxes that they paid. This situation will change in the future, especially if tax rates rise to a level sufficient to support the program over the long run. Many workers who retire in the future will not get their money's worth when the combined employer-employee taxes are considered. This result would be expected eventually for a program that is financed almost entirely by these payroll taxes. However, the vast majority of workers will get their money's worth if only the employee tax is considered. From Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1992, Vol. 44.